INT PRIMARY KEY is not a rowid alias

Note — this works, but it is a documented trap or a cost the author may not have meant.

What it catches

Only a column declared exactly INTEGER PRIMARY KEY becomes an alias for the rowid. INT PRIMARY KEY (or BIGINT, or INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC) is an ordinary column with a separate unique index: every lookup by primary key is an extra B-tree hop, the value is not the rowid, and VACUUM may renumber the real rowid underneath it.

Fires on

CREATE TABLE orders (id INT PRIMARY KEY, qty INTEGER);

Do this instead

CREATE TABLE orders (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, qty INTEGER);